Definition of Disease

a. In simple terms it can be diberibatasan as a plant disease damage physiological processes, caused by continuous stimulation of the main causes, through the inhibition of cellular activity, and expressed preformance form the distinctive character of the so-called pathological symptom or symptoms. (Satrahidayat, 2011)
b. general understanding of plant disease is an alteration of the circuit ataupenyimpangan physiological processes that result in the use of energy in the body hilangnyakoordinasi plant physiology, including impaired cellular activity yangditunjukan by morphological changes and cause damage or loss. (Bambang, 2006)
c. disease is actually a process in which certain parts of the organism is not able to function normally as well as possible because of the existence of a nuisance. (Anonymous, 2011)
d. Plant disease is more Often classified by their symptoms than by disease agent, since the discovery of microscopic agents such as bacteria Dates from 19 percent only.
(The disease is more frequent in plants classified by their symptoms rather than by disease agents, since the discovery of microscopic agents such as bacteria dates only from 19 percent). (Jackson, 2009)
Characteristics
• Mushrooms Fungi are organisms that true nucleated cells (eukaryotic) usually filamentous, branching, lacking chlorophyll, cell walls contain chitin, cellulose or keduanya.Jamur are heterotrophic organisms, absorptive and establish some kind of spores. Based on the number of cells per individual, fungi can be divided into two groups, ie the fungus with a yeast cell or (yeast) and a fungus called yeast beneng or just alone. Vegetative parts parasite usually threads called hyphae and collection of fungal hyphae is called miselium.Miselium mostly hyaline (colorless). If colored, it has a dark color pigment that causes the most similar to melanin bound to the cell wall. Hyphae that form konidium or tools that protect breeding mostly dark colored.
• Classification of Fungi Zygomycota Zygomycota are fungi are so called because their reproduction produces a zygote. Characteristics are as follows: 1. Hifanya not insulated 2. Essentially haploid 3. Threadlike hyphae are generally insulated 4. Multicellular 5. Is senositik •> Ascomycota Ascomycota is named so because it reproduces using askus as his tools. This type has the most species than others and is widely used in the food industry. Characteristics are as follows: 1. Hyphae partitioned and senositik 2. Saprofit nature, parasitic, or symbiotic 3. Reproductive organs is called askus 4. Unicellular and multicellular •> Basidiomycota Basidiomycota is a fungus which is called so because it has a tool called basidiokarp reproduction. Characteristics are as follows: 1. Hyphae sectional 2. Are saprophyte or parasite 3. Sheets can be shaped or hooded 4. Basidiokarp called his body with his hood called basidium, containing basidiospora •> Deuteromycota Deuteromycota is a fungus called fungi Imperfecti (imperfect fungi) because sexual reproduction is unknown. These fungi are multicellular with hyphae partitioned and reproduce vegetatively by konidiospora. This fungus is a saprophyte living or parasitic. Your options are: 1. Epidermophyton floccosum 2. Microsporium audoini, Trychophyton, and Epiderophyton 3. Scelothium rolfsii 4. Helmintrosporium oryzae 5. Malassezia furfur 6. Fusarium • Bacteria Bacteria are single-celled prokaryotic microorganisms, lacking chlorophyll and reproduce by splitting themselves. But actually bacteria including plant lacking chlorophyll, not berplastida, and unicellular measuring approximately 0.0003-0.025 milimikron, with the ability to multiply very diverse tinggi.Bentuknya some round form cocci, diplokokus, streptococci, bacillus tetrakokus and stafilokokus.Batang form , diplobasilus, and streptobasilus, long round, coma and spiral.Kulitnya software consists of cellulose and chitin like plants. In bacteria that cause damage to living objects called pathogens or pathogen generally causes only live sakit.Bakteri in the form of body cells that can enter the body through wounds plant. For bacteria that utilize inanimate object called the bias saprophyte bacteria secrete toxins that reduce the bias of the object into humus, and utilized by plant life. The bacteria that cooperation (symbiosis) with the plant are rhizobium bacteria that form nodules.  Tools bacterial motion Some bacteria are able to move by using a feather whip / flagel.Berdasarkan presence or absence of a flagellum and the flagellum position, we recognize five kinds of bacteria. 1. Atrich: berflagel bacteria. Example: Escherichia coli 2. Monotrich: having one end of the flagellum Example: Vibrio cholerae 3. Lopotrich: having more than one flagellum at one end. example: Rhodospirillum rubrum 4. Ampitrich: have one or more flagella at both ends. example: Rhodospirillum rubrum 5. Peritrich: flagellum has on the entire surface of the body eg salmonella typhosa • Virus Virus is unity ultramikroskopik containing only one or two forms of nucleic acid wrapped in a protein compound kompleks.Asam nucleic and protein synthesized by a suitable host cell by utilizing the mechanism of the synthesis of host cells to produce viral substances (nucleic acids and proteins). The virus is the causative agent of the disease is very small so it can only be seen with a microscope electron.Hasil electron microscope observations, the virus can be divided into three forms, namely in the form of rods, threads and bola.Virus can only multiply within cells because it hidup.Oleh then it can be included as a parasitic virus that biotrof. • Nematodes Plant-parasitic nematodes are distinguished by their small size, about 1 mm in length on average, and mouth are modified to form a hollow stylet that is inserted into the cell tanaman.Semua parasitic plants placed into two orders, Tylenchida and Dorylaimida. (Anonymous, 2011)